Quality Resource Guide –

Dental Adhesives 4th Edition

www.metdental.com

Page 3

The ultimate goal of a bonded restoration is to obtain

an intimate adaptation of the restorative material

with the dental structure.

This task is difficult to

achieve, as dentin is more hydrated and more

organic than enamel.

The treatment of dentin with

phosphoric acid or with acidic primers, followed

by the application of hydrophilic monomers (that

is, primer/adhesive) that infiltrate the small spaces

within the dentin’s dense network of collagen fibrils

results in the formation of a hybrid layer.

(Figure 3),

which was first described in 1982. This improved

sealing may result in decreased post-operative

sensitivity and may even act as an elastic buffer that

compensates for the polymerization shrinkage stress

during contraction of the restorative composite.

7-9

Table 1

Type

Brand Names (Manufacturer)

Components

Etch-and-Rinse

3-Step

Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M ESPE)

All-Bond 2 (Bisco)

All-Bond 3 (Bisco)

OptiBond FL (Kerr)

Solobond Plus (Voco)

Syntac (Ivoclar Vivadent)

Phosphoric acid

Hydrophilic

primer

Bonding resin

2-Step

Adper Single Bond Plus (3M ESPE)

ExciTE F (Ivoclar Vivadent)

One-Step Plus (Bisco)

OptiBond SOLO Plus (Kerr)

Prime&Bond NT (Dentsply)

Prime&Bond XP (Dentsply)

Solobond M (Voco)

Phosphoric acid

Combined

(hydrophilic primer + bonding resin)

Self-Etch

(no etch)

2-Step

AdheSE (Ivoclar Vivadent)

All-Bond SE (Bisco)

Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray America, Inc)

Clearfil SE Protect (Kuraray America, Inc.)

OptiBond XTR (Kerr)

Self-etching primer

Bonding resin

1-Step

Clearfil S

Bond Plus (Kuraray)

Futurabond M (Voco)

iBond Self-Etch (Heraeus Kulzer)

OptiBond All-in-One (Kerr)

Xeno IV (Dentsply)

Futurabond M (Voco)

All-in-one

Self-etching hydrophilic primer/bonding resin

Etch-and-Rinse

Universal

adhesives

Adhese Universal (Ivoclar Vivadent)

All-Bond Universal (Bisco)

Futurabond U (Voco)

iBond Universal ((Heraeus Kulzer)

One Coat 7 Universal (Coltene)

Prime&Bond Elect (Dentsply)

Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (3M ESPE)

Phosphoric acid

Hydrophilic bonding resin

Self-Etch

Self-etching hydrophilic bonding resin

Etch-and-Rinse Adhesives

tch-and-rinse

adhesives

involve

separate

etching

and

rinsing

step

followed by priming and the application

of a bonding resin, in the use of 3-step etch-

and-rinse adhesives. Two-step etch-and-rinse

adhesives (Table 1) combine primer and adhesive

resin into one solution and usually need more than

one application to achieve an acceptable micro-

mechanical interlocking of monomers into the

collagen-rich etched dentin (Figure 3).

13,14

However,

3-step etch-and-rinse adhesives result in better

laboratory and clinical performance than 2-step

etch-and-rinse adhesives.

15,16

Etching and priming are considered technique-

sensitive application procedures. Air- drying of

etched preparations used to be taught as a method

to check for the etched aspect of enamel. Some

clinicians still dry the preparation after rinsing the

etching gel. As a result of air-drying enamel, dentin

is also dried, which causes dentin collagen fibrils to

collapse resulting in the closing of the porosity of

etched dentin. In vitro studies have demonstrated

that drying dentin upon etching results in low bond

strengths.

17-19

Therefore, keeping the preparation

moist (glistening) after rinsing off the etching gel has

been recommended. Excessive water accumulation

will dilute the adhesive and lower bond strength.

When dentin is over-dried, re-wetting the dried